Core Investment Principles
1. Start Early, Invest Consistently
The magic of compound interest works best with time. Even small amounts invested early can grow dramatically.
2. Diversify Across Asset Classes
Donβt put all your eggs in one basket. Spread investments across stocks, bonds, sectors, and geography.
3. Keep Costs Low
High fees erode returns over time. Choose low-cost index funds over expensive actively managed funds.
4. Stay the Course Through Volatility
Market crashes are temporary. Selling during downturns locks in losses. Stick to your long-term plan.
Investment Pyramid Strategy
Foundation Layer (100% Allocation)
Emergency Fund: 3-6 months expenses in high-yield savings Insurance: Adequate coverage for health, life, disability, property
Conservative Core (60-80% Allocation)
Index Funds: Broad market exposure with low fees Bonds: Government and high-grade corporate bonds for stability REITs: Real estate investment trusts for diversification
Growth Layer (20-40% Allocation)
Individual Stocks: Carefully selected companies with strong fundamentals International Exposure: Developed and emerging market funds Alternative Investments: Crypto, commodities, private equity (for accredited investors)
Speculative Layer (0-10% Allocation)
Individual Stock Picks: High-risk, high-reward opportunities Options Trading: Advanced strategies for experienced investors Cryptocurrency: Highly volatile digital assets
Key Growth & Investment Metrics
Wealth Velocity
Rate of net worth growth vs. market average and inflation
Compound Growth Rate
Annualized return on your total portfolio
Risk-Adjusted Returns
Returns adjusted for volatility and downside risk
Diversification Score
Number of uncorrelated assets in your portfolio
Interactive Compound Interest Calculator
Investment & Wealth Building Quick Reference
Essential strategies for growing wealth through smart investing and compound interest
Investment Priority
1. Emergency Fund
3-6 months expenses
2. Employer 401(k) Match
Up to full match
3. High-Interest Debt
Pay off >7% interest
4. Max Tax-Advantaged
401(k), IRA, HSA
5. Taxable Brokerage
After maxing above
Asset Allocation
Simple Rule
Conservative
60% stocks / 40% bonds
Moderate
70% stocks / 30% bonds
Aggressive
80-90% stocks / 10-20% bonds
Rebalancing
Annually or at 5% drift
Risk Management
Diversification
Don't put eggs in one basket
Time Horizon
Longer = more risk OK
Dollar Cost Averaging
Invest consistently
Low Fees
< 0.20% expense ratio
Avoid Panic Selling
Stay the course
Key Metrics
Historical Stock Return
~10% annually (S&P 500)
Bonds Return
~5-6% annually
Safe Withdrawal Rate
4% rule
Rule of 72
Inflation
~3% historically